Which procedure is typically performed for patients with a history of coronary artery disease?

The correct answer encompasses various interventions that are commonly indicated for patients with a history of coronary artery disease (CAD). Each of these procedures plays a role in the diagnosis or management of CAD.

Coronary stenting involves placing a small mesh-like tube (stent) into narrowed or blocked coronary arteries to keep them open, which can help restore blood flow to the heart muscle. This is often performed after angioplasty, which may be indicated for individuals showing symptoms of CAD, such as chest pain.

Heart catheterization (heart cath) is a diagnostic procedure that involves threading a catheter through the blood vessels to the coronary arteries. It allows for visualization of the coronary arteries on imaging, helping to assess the severity of blockages and the overall coronary blood flow. This is a critical step in determining the appropriate management strategy for patients with suspected or confirmed CAD.

Angioplasty is similar to stenting in that it involves the widening of narrowed arteries through a balloon catheter, providing immediate relief of obstruction. It is often the first-line treatment for CAD and can sometimes be performed without stenting.

In summary, each of these procedures is integral in the management of coronary artery disease, addressing both diagnostic needs and therapeutic interventions, which is why the answer encompasses all of them.