Which procedure involves the insertion of tubes to equalize pressure in the ears?

The procedure that involves the insertion of tubes to equalize pressure in the ears is known as Pressure Equalizer Tubes (PETs). This surgical intervention is commonly performed in cases of persistent middle ear fluid or recurrent otitis media, especially in pediatric patients. The tubes are inserted into the tympanic membrane (eardrum) to allow air to enter the middle ear space, thereby helping to equalize pressure and prevent fluid accumulation. This can alleviate pain, restore hearing, and reduce the risk of infections related to pressure imbalances in the ear.

The other options pertain to procedures related to cardiovascular interventions, such as angioplasty and coronary artery bypass grafts, which focus on addressing issues with blood flow to the heart, and heart catheterization, which is a diagnostic procedure for examining the heart's function and blood vessels. These options do not involve the ears or the equalization of pressure within them. Therefore, they are not applicable to the procedure in question.