Which condition is typically termed hyperlipidemia?

Hyperlipidemia refers to elevated levels of lipids (fats) in the blood, particularly cholesterol and triglycerides. This term is most commonly associated with high cholesterol, which is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack and stroke.

High cholesterol specifically indicates an increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL), often referred to as "bad cholesterol," which can lead to plaque buildup in arteries. Understanding hyperlipidemia is essential in clinical practice, as it informs treatment approaches that may include lifestyle changes and medication aimed at lowering cholesterol levels to improve patient outcomes.

The other options—low blood pressure, thyroid problems, and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus—do not pertain to lipid levels in the blood. Low blood pressure is a condition relating to blood circulation, thyroid problems may affect metabolism but are not classified under lipid disorders, and while diabetes can influence lipid levels, it is not synonymous with hyperlipidemia itself.