What type of access is created using an arteriovenous connection for dialysis?

An arteriovenous connection for dialysis refers specifically to the surgical creation of a fistula, where an artery is connected directly to a vein. This technique is preferentially utilized for patients requiring hemodialysis because it provides a durable access point for blood flow, which is crucial for effective dialysis treatment.

The fistula is made by joining a larger artery to a smaller vein; this connection allows the vein to accommodate an increased flow of blood and become appropriated for the high-volume requirements of dialysis. Over time, the vein undergoes changes that make it suitable for repeated needle insertions needed for the procedure.

The longevity and reliability of a fistula make it the first-line choice for hemodialysis, offering lower risk for complications like infection and clotting when compared to other access methods. In contrast, other options such as a graft involve using synthetic materials, PICC lines are used for intravenous medication delivery, and ports are typically used for chemotherapy and other infusion therapies, neither of which provides the same long-term access for dialysis.