What does the term "peritoneal signs" indicate in a medical context?

The term "peritoneal signs" refers to a set of clinical findings that suggest irritation of the peritoneum, which is the lining of the abdominal cavity. These signs can indicate a surgical abdomen, meaning that there is a condition in the abdomen that may require surgical intervention. Common peritoneal signs include abdominal tenderness, rebound tenderness, guarding, and rigidity.

These signs often suggest the presence of serious conditions such as appendicitis, perforated ulcers, or other inflammatory processes affecting the abdominal organs, warranting a prompt surgical assessment. Recognizing peritoneal signs is crucial for timely diagnosis and intervention in emergency situations.