What does CAD stand for in a medical context?

In a medical context, CAD commonly stands for Coronary Artery Disease. This condition refers to the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle. It is primarily caused by atherosclerosis, where plaque builds up in the arterial walls, restricting blood flow and potentially leading to chest pain (angina) or heart attacks. Recognizing CAD is crucial because it is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and timely diagnosis and management can significantly improve patient outcomes.

The other terms provided may sound similar but are either less recognized or refer to different conditions. For instance, Chronic Arterial Disease does not specifically pinpoint the heart's arteries, while Cardiac Arrhythmia Disorder pertains to irregular heartbeats. Cardiovascular Anomaly Disease is not a standard term used in medical literature. Understanding these distinctions is important for accurate medical communication and patient care.