What condition is responsible for increased air trapping in the lungs?

Increased air trapping in the lungs is primarily associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). This condition is characterized by a persistent obstruction of airflow, which results in difficulty expelling air from the lungs. As air becomes trapped, the lungs can become hyperinflated, making it challenging for patients to breathe effectively. People with COPD often experience chronic bronchitis or emphysema, both of which contribute to this increased air trapping due to the inflammation and structural changes in the airways and lung tissue.

The other conditions listed do not typically lead to significant air trapping. Supraventricular tachycardia relates to heart rhythm issues and does not affect lung air dynamics. Pneumonia involves lung inflammation and fluid accumulation that may restrict airflow but does not primarily cause air trapping in the same way as COPD. Similarly, epiglottitis, while a serious throat infection that can obstruct the airway, does not lead to air trapping in the lungs. Therefore, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is the condition most closely linked to the phenomenon of increased air trapping.