What condition is indicated by the presence of both high WBC and bacteria in a urinalysis?

The presence of both a high white blood cell (WBC) count and bacteria in a urinalysis strongly indicates a urinary tract infection (UTI). A high WBC count suggests that the body is mounting an immune response to an infection, as white blood cells are key components of the immune system that help fight off pathogens. When bacteria are also detected in the urine, it confirms the presence of an infectious agent, which is characteristic of a UTI.

In this context, the combination of elevated WBCs and bacterial presence is a hallmark of a UTI, as the infection commonly leads to inflammation and an increase in WBCs. This scenario typically occurs in cases involving the bladder (cystitis) or kidneys (pyelonephritis), where the infection is actively causing symptoms and prompting the body's defense mechanisms to react.

Other conditions listed, such as kidney stones, diabetes insipidus, and liver dysfunction, do not typically present with both high WBC counts and bacteria in urinalysis. Kidney stones may cause hematuria or urinary obstruction but would not directly be indicated by high WBC and bacterial findings. Diabetes insipidus is primarily related to an imbalance in water regulation and does not involve infectious processes. Liver dysfunction